台湾：防务与军事问题【美国国会服务研究处】

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated July 25,2025Taiwan:Defense and Military IssuesOverview The Peoples Republic of China(PRC,or China)claims but has never controlled Taiwan,a self-governing democracy of 23.4 million people located across the Taiwan Strait from mainland China.PRC leaders have stated their preference to unify peacefully with Taiwan,but have insisted on the right to use force to bring Taiwan under PRC control.U.S.policy toward Taiwan(which formally calls itself the Republic of China,or ROC)has prioritized the maintenance of peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait.For more than 75 years,the U.S.government has sought to strengthen Taiwans and its own ability to deter PRC military aggression.The PRC,for its part,has claimed the United States uses Taiwan as a“pawn”to“contain”China.Congress has played a role in supporting U.S.-Taiwan defense ties,and has authorized new programs and appropriated funds to support Taiwans defense since 2022.For more background on cross-Strait relations and U.S.policy toward Taiwan,see CRS In Focus IF10275,Taiwan:Background and U.S.Relations,by Susan V.Lawrence.Figure 1.Taiwan Source:Graphic by CRS.Taiwans Security Situation The Commu