国防入门：美国特种作战部队【CRS】

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated November 19,2025Defense Primer:U.S.Special Operations ForcesOverview U.S.Special Operations Forces(SOF)are those active duty and reserve component forces of the military services designated by the Secretary of Defense,who is using“Secretary of War”as a“secondary title”under Executive Order 14347,dated September 5,2025.These forces are specifically selected,organized,trained,and equipped to conduct and support special operations.Special operations frequently require unique modes of employment,tactics,techniques,procedures,and equipment.SOF often conducts special operations in hostile,politically,and/or diplomatically sensitive environments,and are characterized by one or more of the following:time-sensitivity,clandestine or covert in nature,low visibility,work with or through indigenous forces,greater requirements for regional orientation and cultural expertise,and a high degree of risk.SOFs core activities are direct action,special reconnaissance,unconventional warfare,foreign internal defense,civil affairs operations,counterterrorism,military information support operations,counter-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction,security force a