1、11 JULY 2025APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE.DISTRIBUTION IS UNLIMITED.This paper is the first in a new series by the U.S.Army Training and Doctrine Command,G-2,Foreign Military Studies Office that assesses the contours of the emerging alliance of the United States four primary adversaries:China,Russia,I
2、ran,and North Korea(CRINK).Based on open-source research,this CRINK Alliance Project offers analysis of how this axis is disrupting or reshaping the Operational Environment.Its purpose is to help military leaders and policymakers discern whether,how,and when these countries interests align and diver
3、ge;anticipate potential friction points;and seize opportunities to counter their joint efforts to threaten the United States and its interests.KEY TAKEAWAYS The March 2025“Security Belt-2025”trilateral naval exercises between China,Russia,and Iran were largely intended to signal unity and strength t
4、o deter U.S.influence in the Middle East despite the countries differing priorities and needs,security goals,and aims for the exercises.The exercises highlight the enhanced military and naval expeditionary capabilities under development by China,Russia,and Iran,as well as demonstrate the potential f
