[19820701]IP0209T_技术转让和国家安全问题.pdf

n Congressional Research Service 0 2. -. The Library of Congress Washington, D.C. 20540 TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND NATIONAL SECURITY ISSUES IP0209T The transfer of technology from the West to the East has been an issue of serious debate since the introduction of detente in the 1970s. Recent disclosures by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) indicate that the Soviet and East European intelligence services have,been so successful in acquiring U.S. technology that there now exists a signifi- cant threat to the national security of the United States. The CIA speculates that the Soviets and East Europeans will increase their efforts for legal and illegal acquisition of U.S. technology in several areas : o Computers - systems designs, concepts, hardware and software o Microelectronics - complete industrial processes and equipment for Soviet military requirementa o Lasers - optical, pulsed power and other laser-related components for laser weapons o Radars - air defense radars for missile systems The Reagan Administration has proposed a package of countermeasures to curtail the flow of military-related technology. This includes: strengthening U.S. export controls, increasing efforts agains