[20190318]LSB10276_最高法院再次考虑党派划分选区：影响和立法选择.pdf

CRS Legal Sidebar Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Legal SidebarLegal Sidebari i Supreme Court Once Again Considers Partisan Gerrymandering: Implications and Legislative Options March 18, 2019 Is there a standard for determining whether a redistricting map is an unconstitutional partisan gerrymander? Or, do claims of partisan gerrymandering raise political questions that lie beyond the jurisdiction of a federal court (i.e., are non-justiciable)? On March 26, 2019, the Supreme Court will hear oral argument in two casesone from Maryland (Lamone v. Benisek) and another from North Carolina (Rucho v. Common Cause)presenting these questions. In Lamone and Rucho, the Court is presented with the issue of partisan gerrymandering for the second consecutive term. Last year, the Supreme Court considered claims of partisan gerrymandering raising nearly identical questions to those currently before the Court, but ultimately issued narrow rulings on procedural grounds specific to those cases. Last years rulings were only the latest in which the Court considered, but ultimately did not directly answer, the question of whether a standard exists for ascertaining unconstitutional parti