[20200108]IF11369_个人退休账户（IRA）和401（k）计划的提前提款.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated January 8, 2020Early Withdrawals from Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) and 401(k) PlansBackground Congress created incentives for certain individuals to save for retirement through Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) and 401(k)s. Employees (and sometimes employers in the case of 401(k) plans) contribute funds to a tax-advantaged account, which can then be used as an income source in retirement. To discourage account owners from withdrawing funds before retirement, the Internal Revenue Code (IRC) generally imposes a 10% penalty (in addition to applicable income taxes) on early withdrawals, which are withdrawals that occur before an individual reaches age 59. Individuals who make early withdrawals are subject to rules that vary by plan type, the circumstance warranting a withdrawal, and plan-specific rules. IRAs generally have fewer restrictions on early withdrawals than do 401(k)s. For example, individuals may withdraw funds, but generally with a penalty, from an IRA for any reason, but withdrawals from 401(k)s (1) must be allowed by the plan and (2) may be an in-service distribution (i.e., a distribution while an employee is still work