[20200225]IF11122_第199A节转嫁业务收入的扣除：概述.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated February 25, 2020Section 199A Deduction for Pass-through Business Income: An OverviewThe 2017 tax revision (P.L. 115-97) added, under Section 199A of the federal tax code, a new deduction for pass-through business income. In its simplest form, the deduction is equal to 20% of a firms qualified business income (QBI) in a tax year. However, the calculation becomes more complicated when an owners income exceeds certain amounts and a business has employees and depreciable, tangible assets. Congress created the deduction, in part, to establish parity between the taxation of corporate and noncorporate business income from 2018 to 2025; the deduction is set to expire on December 31, 2025. P.L. 115-97 reduced the corporate income tax from a graduated rate structure with a top rate of 35% to a single rate of 21%, a 40% decrease. By contrast, the Section 199A deduction lowers the effective tax rate on pass-through business profits by 20% at all individual tax rates. Pass-through businesses fall into one of three categories: a sole proprietorship, a subchapter S corporation, or a partnership (including a limited liability company electing to be taxed as