[20201106]IF10443_美国经济简介：失业.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated November 6, 2020Introduction to U.S. Economy: UnemploymentThe U.S. economy has seen historically high levels of unemployment as a result of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This In Focus provides an introduction to the official unemployment rate and alternative measures of unemployment, briefly examines the reasons for unemployment, and places the unemployment rate in a broader economic context. How Is the Unemployment Rate Calculated? The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) releases the official unemployment rate, commonly known as the U3 series, on a monthly basis. The U3 rate measures the number of unemployed individuals as a percentage of the entire labor force. The labor force is all employed and unemployed individuals aged 16 and older, excluding active duty military personnel or the institutionalized. Individuals are considered employed if they did any work for pay or profit in the previous week. Individuals are considered unemployed if they do not have a job, have actively looked for work in the previous four weeks, and are currently available to work. If an individual does not have a job, but has either not looked for w