[20210422]IF11815_气候变化：选定的联邦经济发展工具和政策考虑.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov April 22, 2021Climate Change: Selected Federal Economic Development Tools and Policy ConsiderationsSocial, economic, and ecological risks associated with climate change, such as those documented in the U.S. Fourth National Climate Assessment and by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, have significant economic development implications. These include increased demand for federal economic development interventions, such as for infrastructure resiliency, and support for labor and economic dislocations resulting from energy transition. This In Focus considers potential federal economic development tools to help address climate change, as well as policy considerations. Climate and Economic Development Climate change countermeasures take two general approaches: (1) mitigation, to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions or enhance GHG removals from the atmosphere; and (2) adaptation, to increase resilience to climate changes effects. Some measures span both approaches. Economic development activities can also play a role in both. Mitigation options typically target (1) supply-side technologies or physical assets, such as transitioning from fossil fu