[20210427]IF11818_国际移民投资计划：非法金融风险.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov April 27, 2021International Immigrant Investment Programs: Illicit Finance RisksImmigrant investment programs (IIPs), sometimes referred to as golden visas or passport programs, are immigration programs in which applicants make a financial contribution to the host country and, in exchange, are offered legal residency (residency-by investment, RBI) or citizenship (citizenship-by investment, CBI, also known as economic citizenship). IIPs may appeal to governments as a significant source of investment. See CRS In Focus IF11344, The Changing Landscape of Immigrant Investment Programs, by Jennifer M. Roscoe, for more information on IIP-related trends and background. The United States operates an IIP, the EB-5 Immigrant Investor Program, which includes fraud-related risk assessments and case adjudications administered by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. See CRS Report R44475, EB-5 Immigrant Investor Visa, by Holly Straut-Eppsteiner for a discussion of the U.S. IIP. As the number of international IIPs has grown in recent decades, some observers have expressed concerns that these programs may facilitate financial crime. While the scope of these ris