[20210913]IF11923_非洲野生动物偷猎和贩运：概述.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov September 13, 2021Wildlife Poaching and Trafficking in Africa: An OverviewOverview Wildlife poachingthe illegal hunting or capture of wild animalsoccurs in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa (Africa), a biodiverse region. Poaching is a component of wildlife trafficking (i.e., illegal trade in wildlife). International demand, particularly from Asia, drives poaching and trafficking of certain high-profile African wildlife products, and threatens some species long-term viability. The role of poaching and wildlife trafficking in reducing biodiversity and disrupting ecosystems, supporting transnational criminal and militant groups, spreading zoonotic diseases, and weakening the rule of law has prompted international concern and led some in the 117th Congress to propose legislation to address such challenges. Several analyses, including from the U.N. Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), identify various economic incentives as drivers of wildlife poaching and trafficking in Africa. “Subsistence” poachers may hunt for consumption or local sale for comparatively small profits. Local intermediaries who transport wildlife products for onward trafficking also re