[19980304]98-193E_全球气候变化：总统1999财年预算中的能源税激励措施.pdf

Congressional Research Service The Library of CongressCRS Report for CongressReceived through the CRS Web98-193 EMarch 4, 1998Global Climate Change: The Energy TaxIncentives In the Presidents FY1999 Budget Salvatore LazzariSpecialist in Public FinanceEconomics DivisionSummaryThe Presidents FY1999 budget includes several energy tax incentives designed tohelp the United States reduce greenhouse gases that are linked to possible globalwarming. These incentives subsidize energy conservation, energy efficiency, andsubstitution toward alternative fuels such as solar power and electricity produced frombiomass and wind. The conservation and efficiency tax incentives are in the form ofnonrefundable tax credits for energy-saving capital goods, and they target each of theenergy end-use sectors: transportation, industry, residential and commercial. In addition,some of the tax credits are intended to directly reduce the amount of harmful greenhousegases that would otherwise be released into the atmosphere. Most of the incentives arenew, some resembling versions of energy tax incentives that were enacted underPresident Carters Energy Tax Act of 1978 (as amended), but have since expired. Twoof th