[19980813]98-675STM_关键基础设施：基础.pdf

As a reminder of how dependent society is on its infrastructure, in May 1998, PanAmSats1Galaxy IV satellites on-board controller malfunctioned, disrupting service to an estimated 80-90% of the nations pagers, causing problems for hospitals trying to reach doctors on call,emergency workers, and people trying to use their credit cards at gas pumps, to name but a few.Congressional Research Service The Library of CongressCRS Report for CongressReceived through the CRS Web98-675 STMAugust 13, 1998Critical Infrastructures: A PrimerJohn MoteffSpecialist in Science and TechnologyScience, Technology, and Medicine DivisionSummaryThe nations health, wealth, and security rely on the supply and distribution ofcertain goods and services. The array of physical assets, processes and organizationsacross which these goods and services move are called critical infrastructures.Computers and communications, themselves critical infrastructures, are increasinglytying these infrastructures together. There is concern that this reliance on computers andcomputer networks makes the nations critical infrastructures vulnerable to “cyber”attacks, be they from mischievous teenage hackers or information warriors