[19980901]98-733_恐怖主义：美国对肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚爆炸事件的反应：新的政策方向？.pdf

Congressional Research Service The Library of CongressCRS Report for CongressReceived through the CRS Web98-733 FUpdated September 1, 1998Terrorism: U. S. Response to Bombings in Kenyaand Tanzania: A New Policy Direction?Raphael F PerlSpecialist in International AffairsForeign Affairs and National Defense DivisionSummaryOn August 20,1998 the United States launched retaliatory and preemptive missilestrikes against training bases and infrastructure in Afghanistan used by groups affiliatedwith radical extremist and terrorist financier Usama bin Laden. A “pharmaceutical” plantin Sudan, making a critical nerve gas component, was destroyed as well. This is the firsttime the U.S. has unreservedly acknowledged a preemptive military strike against aterrorist organization or network. This has led to speculation that faced with a growingnumber of major attacks on U.S. persons and property and mounting casualties, U.S.policymakers may be setting a new direction in counter-terrorism a more proactive andglobal policy, less constrained when targeting terrorists, their bases, or infrastructure.Questions raised include: What is the nature and extent of any actual policy shift; whatare its pros and