[20020730]95-50_联邦政府在技术发展中的作用.pdf

http:/wikileaks.org/wiki/CRS-95-501 For a detailed discussion see CRS Issue Brief IB91132, Industrial Competitiveness andTechnological Advancement: Debate Over Government Policy, by Wendy H. Schacht.Congressional Research Service The Library of CongressCRS Report for CongressReceived through the CRS WebOrder Code 95-50 SPRUpdated July 30, 2002The Federal Role in Technology DevelopmentWendy H. SchachtSpecialist in Science and TechnologyResources, Science, and Industry DivisionSummaryThe federal government has traditionally played a role in fostering technologicalprogress. This has involved both direct federal research and development (R&D)funding and indirect measures that create incentives for increased private sectorinvestments in innovation. However, this mix of initiatives has been challenged sincethe 104th Congress. While support for all on-going efforts continues, some programshave been funded at reduced levels. However, since FY2001, appropriations appear tohave reversed this trend. As programs are implemented and mature, concerns are beingraised as to the appropriate balance between the importance of bringing new andimproved products and processes to the marketplace and prot