[20021127]RS20669_联邦政府对州和地方政府的拨款：概述和特点.pdf

1 OMB lists the estimated 2002 amount at $346 billion; Source: U.S. Office of Management andBudget. Budget of the United States Government, Fiscal Year 2003, Historical Tables(Washington: GPO, 2002), p. 217.Congressional Research Service The Library of CongressCRS Report for CongressReceived through the CRS WebOrder Code RS20669Updated November 27, 2002Federal Grants to State and LocalGovernments: Overview and CharacteristicsBen CanadaAnalyst in American National GovernmentGovernment and Finance DivisionSummaryEach fiscal year, Congress appropriates funds for grants to state and localgovernments to further national goals and assist state and local government operations.Examples of goals include attaining minimum national standards and improvingprogram effectiveness. The federal government provides grants for numeroussubstantive purposes, such as crime prevention, community development, andtransportation. In FY2001, grants to state and local governments totaled $317 billion. Grants can be classified by the substantive purposes they address. This report,however, reviews the fundamental characteristics by which they can also be classified.Examples of grant characteristics include rang