[20040122]RS21422_两用生物设备：国内监管的困难.pdf

1 The phrase dual-use biological equipment, for the purposes of this report, describes dual-useequipment which could be employed to develop biological weapon agents.Congressional Research Service The Library of CongressCRS Report for CongressReceived through the CRS WebOrder Code RS21422Updated January 22, 2004Dual-Use Biological Equipment: Difficulties inDomestic RegulationDana A. SheaAnalyst in Science and Technology PolicyResources, Science, and Industry DivisionSummaryDual-use technologies, technologies with both civilian and military use, are oftencited as lowering technical barriers to terrorist development of chemical and biologicalweapons. Export of these technologies is regulated through both domestic law andinternational agreement, but domestic sales are not. Dual-use biological equipment,whose military use includes the production of biological weapons, is employed in manydifferent civilian and commercial applications, including academic research and thepharmaceutical, medical, and manufacturing industries. Consequently, regulating suchequipment might have a marked economic impact and prove to be infeasible. Possibleapproaches to controlling this equipment include volunta