[20041215]RS21604_营销贷款、贷款不足支付和商品证书.pdf

1 See CRS Report RS21779, Farm Commodity Programs: Direct Payments, Counter-CyclicalPayments, and Marketing Loans. All three payments apply to the “covered commodities” (corn,sorghum, oats, barley, wheat, upland cotton, rice, soybeans, and the minor oilseeds) and peanuts.Other “loan commodities” receive marketing loans but not direct or counter-cyclical payments;these include extra long staple cotton, wool, mohair, honey, dry peas, lentils, and chickpeas.Congressional Research Service The Library of CongressCRS Report for CongressReceived through the CRS WebOrder Code RS21604Updated December 15, 2004Marketing Loans, Loan Deficiency Payments,and Commodity CertificatesJim MonkeAnalyst in Agricultural PolicyResources, Science, and Industry DivisionSummaryMarketing assistance loans are one of the three primary subsidies in U.S. farmcommodity programs. Since the loan program is tied to current production, it is a sourceof controversy in international trade negotiations. The 2002 farm bill continues themarketing loan program and sets loan prices through 2007. Policy issues for the 109thCongress regarding loans include payment limitations (especially the unlimited use byfarmers of commodi