[20051128]RS22335_国会通过立法控制仇恨犯罪的权力：法律理论精选.pdf

1 Community Relations Service, U.S. Department of Justice, Hate Crime: The Violence ofIntolerance, available on November 21, 2005 at http:/www.usdoj.gov/crs/pubs/crs_pub_hate_crime_bulletin_1201.htm.2 Federal Bureau of Investigation, Hate Crime Statistics, 2004, available on November 21, 2005at http:/www.fbi.gov/ucr/hc2004/openpage.htm.Congressional Research Service The Library of CongressCRS Report for CongressReceived through the CRS WebOrder Code RS22335November 28, 2005Congresss Power to Legislate Control OverHate Crimes: Selected Legal TheoriesPaul Starett Wallace, Jr.Specialist in American Public LawAmerican Law DivisionSummaryCongress has no power under the commerce clause over “noneconomic, violentcriminal conduct” that does not cross state lines said Chief Justice William Rehnquistin United States v. Morrison. Nor, he added, can the overreach be rectified by callingupon Congresss authority under the Fourteenth Amendment. States can enact hatecrime laws, but the reasoning in Morrison appears to impact national legislation targetedat crimes against African-Americans, homosexuals, Jews, Muslims or other ethnicminorities at least when such efforts rest solely on the commerce c