[20060623]RS22461_煤矿安全.pdf

Congressional Research Service The Library of CongressCRS Report for CongressReceived through the CRS WebOrder Code RS22461June 23, 2006Coal Mine SafetyEdward RappaportAnalyst in Industry EconomicsDomestic Social Policy DivisionSummaryDramatic mine accidents early in 2006 have led to passage of the first majoramendment to federal mine safety law since 1977. The Mine Improvement and NewEmergency Response Act (MINER, P.L. 109-236) requires each mine to have anemergency plan, increased supplies of oxygen, and improved rescue teams. Penaltiesfor violations have also been increased. Although the bill had wide support in Congress,some Members have characterized it as only a “first step,” to be followed by additionalmeasures that would include a lower maximum limit on dust concentrations,underground refuges, communications and tracking devices, and greater emphasis onenforcement of standards.On January 2, 2006, the nation was reminded of the dangers of underground mining,as 12 miners died in an explosion and fire in the Sago mine in West Virginia.Subsequently, the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) issued newregulations; Congress has passed the first major revision of the mine s