[20141022]IF00054_美国对外援助.pdf

October 22, 2014 U.S. Foreign AssistanceOverview What Is U.S. Foreign Assistance? Foreign assistance is an instrument of U.S. policy through which the U.S. government provides resources to another countrys government, civil society, or other private sector entity on a grant or concessional loan basis. Most U.S. foreign assistance is administered by the U.S. Agency for International Development; the Millennium Challenge Corporation; the U.S. Departments of State, Agriculture, Treasury, and Defense (DOD); and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). U.S. foreign assistance can take many forms. On average, about 2% of aid is provided as direct budget support (cash) to foreign governments. More often, aid is provided through projects implemented by U.S. and international agencies, contractors or non-governmental organizations. It takes the form of expert technical advice, training, equipment, and construction in a wide range of sectors (see Figure 1), including vaccines and malaria nets, textbooks, food, roads and other infrastructure, educational exchanges, microcredit, applied research, and military weaponry. “Foreign aid is not a giveaway. Its not charity. It is an inv