[20150320]IN10141_指定具有系统重要性的金融机构（SIFI）.pdf

CRS InsightsDesignating Systemically Important Financial Institutions (SIFIs)Marc Labonte, Specialist in Macroeconomic Policy (mlabontecrs.loc.gov, 7-0640)March 20, 2015 (IN10141)The 2008 financial crisis resulted in government assistance to rescue several financial firms that wereconsidered too big to fail (TBTF) because their failure would cause unacceptable disruptions to theoverall financial system. Some of these were non-bank financial firms, including Bear Stearns, FannieMae, Freddie Mac, and AIG. A number of approaches (detailed in this CRS report) have been suggestedto solve the too big to fail problem, some of which were enacted in the Dodd-Frank Act (P.L. 111-203).Central to the Dodd-Frank approach was the creation of a heightened prudential regulatory regime forsystemically important financial firms to be administered by the Federal Reserve (the Fed). Under thisregime, the Fed is required to set heightened standards for capital, liquidity, risk management,resolution plans, stress tests, early remediation, and concentration limits. The Fed may tailor thesestandards to account for differences between different types of firms. All bank holding companies with$50 billion or m