[20180517]LSB10134_退出伊朗核协议：法律授权和影响.pdf

CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Legal SidebarLegal Sidebari i Withdrawal from the Iran Nuclear Deal: Legal Authorities and Implications May 17, 2018 President Trump recently announced that the United States is withdrawing from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) related to Irans nuclear program, which is often referred to as the “Iran nuclear deal.” The JCPOA identified a series of “voluntary measures” in which Iran agreed to impose limits on its nuclear program in exchange for sanctions relief from the “P5+1”the five permanent members of the U.N. Security Council (the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Russia, China) plus Germany. As discussed here, the JCPOA called for lifting or easing of three forms of sanctions: (1) U.S. “secondary” sanctions designed to discourage non-U.S.-parties from doing business with Iran; (2) sanctions imposed by the U.N. Security Council; and (3) European Union (EU) sanctions. In his May 8, 2018 withdrawal announcement and presidential memorandum issued the same day, the President directed federal agencies to begin to take steps to re-impose the sanctions established under U.S. law that were lifted or waiv