[20180919]IF10984_长期失业工人.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated September 19, 2018Long-Tenured Displaced WorkersJob separations are a part of most workers careers. Some workers leave jobs to pursue other opportunities; others are fired for poor performance or because they are otherwise not a good fit. In some cases, workers experience job displacement (i.e., involuntary job separations that occur when businesses shut down, move, or cut back shifts). Job displacement is of particular interest to policymakers because the separations tend to be caused by worsening economic conditions or changing production patterns (as opposed to worker performance), and can permanently alter local job prospects. Costs of such job loss can be particularly high for long-tenured workers, whose investments in job-specific skills do not transfer completely to, and do not result in higher wages in, new jobs. The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) defines long-tenured displaced workers as workers age 20 or older who held their job for at least three years before separating due to the closure or relocation of a company or worksite, insufficient work, or the elimination of a position or shift. BLS reports that in the three-year interv