[20181003]IF10993_消费信贷市场和贷款定价：基础知识 .pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov October 3, 2018Consumer Credit Markets and Loan Pricing: The Basics Congress has demonstrated an ongoing interest in consumer credit markets. This In-Focus provides an overview of consumer lending markets, pricing, and legislative efforts designed to facilitate efficient credit allocation and pricing. Consumer Credit Markets: Introduction Credit allows consumers to make purchases today rather than postpone them until some point in the future, thus avoiding the need to save sufficient amounts of funds to make payments in full. The consumer credit (loan) markets consist of multiple products with numerous market prices. Consumer credit may be in the form of mortgages, revolving credit cards, automobile loans, personal loans, and student loans. Consumers may obtain loans from depository institutions (i.e., banks and credit unions) and non-depository institutions (e.g., payday lenders, finance companies). Lenders generally underwrite loans, meaning that they evaluate loan applicants credit risk by considering factors such as their income and repayment histories of past loans. (Some non-depository lenders, however, make higher-priced consumer loans without