[20190208]IF11101_电气化可能会扰乱汽车供应链.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov February 8, 2019Electrification May Disrupt the Automotive Supply ChainIntroduction The global market for vehicle electrification is expanding. In 2018, more than 1.7 million plug-in and battery electric vehicles were sold worldwide, a nearly 40% increase over 2017. These account for about 2% of all passenger vehicle sales, both worldwide and in the United States. Demand for electric vehicles is expected to continue to grow, as some industrial countries have called for a complete shift away from sales of new fossil-fuel-powered vehicles by 2030. The shift to electric vehicles and away from internal combustion engines is likely to have significant consequences for the U.S. automobile assembly and parts manufacturing industries. A widespread shift to electric vehicles has the potential to eliminate large numbers of jobs in vehicle and parts production, even if the vehicles are assembled in the United States. Congress may wish to explore these possible economic impacts and consider steps to mitigate them. The EV Market Electric vehicles come in two basic varieties. Plug-in hybrids use both an electric motor and an internal combustion engine; battery ele