[20190328]IF11156_预计气候变化的经济影响 .pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov March 28, 2019Projected Economic Impacts of Climate Change As mandated by Congress, the U.S. Global Change Research Program produces regular National Climate Assessment (NCA) reports on the state of scientific knowledge about climate change and its effects on human and natural systems in the United States. Volume II of NCA4, published in 2018, examines the contributions of individual economic studies, in order to develop consensus conclusions from across the body of climate impacts literature. According to NCA4, “annual losses in some economic sectors are projected to reach hundreds of billions of dollars by the end of the century” provided continued growth in emissions at historic rates. The findings of the NCA4, and those of previous reports, have raised concerns in Congress about the projected economic impacts and questions about the study methods used to derive these projections. Studies projecting the economic impacts of climate change vary in their scope, methodology, and the intended applications of their findings. Some focus on the effects of one aspect of climate change upon a single type of economic activity (e.g., effects of temperature an