[20190522]IN11123_USMCA与墨西哥新劳动法.pdf

CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress INSIGHTINSIGHTi i USMCA and Mexicos New Labor Law M. Angeles Villarreal Specialist in International Trade and Finance May 22, 2019 The 116th Congress faces policy issues related to labor under the proposed U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) (see CRS Report R44981, NAFTA Renegotiation and the Proposed United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA). On May 1, 2019, Mexican President Andrs Manual Lpez Obrador signed into law a labor reform bill aimed at enhancing Mexican worker rights by ensuring that workers can vote for their union representatives by secret ballot, establishing the right of workers to join the union of their choice and establishing independent labor courts to resolve disputes and register contracts, among other measures. Critics of Mexicos current labor system argue that the pre-reform laws enable corruption in that they allow employers to influence union elections and prevent workers from voting freely to elect union leaders. The reform bill passed the Mexican House of Representatives and Senate in April 2019. The labor legislation is a commitment under the proposed USMCA. Labor Provisions in Proposed USM