[20190528]IF11227_2018年农业法案入门：初出茅庐的农民和牧场主.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov May 28, 20192018 Farm Bill Primer: Beginning Farmers and RanchersFood and agriculture policy in the United States provides support and resources for farms operated by new and beginning farmers and ranchers (BFRs). Although BFRs are eligible for all programs administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), recent farm bills have provided targeted support specifically addressing the needs of new and beginning producers. The farm bill also provides targeted support to related producer groups, including those based on certain demographic characteristics (e.g., age, race, and gender) as well as groups that have been historically underserved (e.g., limited resource and socially disadvantaged farmers). The 2018 farm bill (Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, P.L. 115-334) reauthorized and expanded these programs. Beginning Farmers and Ranchers (BFRs) BFRs are defined as persons who have not operated a farm or ranch or who have operated a farm or ranch for not more than 10 years and meet other criteria as established by USDA (7 U.S.C. 2279). According to the most recent 2017 Census of Agriculture, there were over 516,000 farms where the “principal