[20191216]IF11149_USMCA中的乳制品规定.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated December 16, 2019Dairy Provisions in USMCAOn November 30, 2018, the leaders of the United States, Canada, and Mexico signed the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) to revise the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). The legislative bodies in each country must now ratify the agreement for it to come into force. Mexico and Canada are two of the largest markets for U.S. dairy product exports. In recent years, the two USMCA partners have accounted for more than a third of the total value of U.S. dairy product exports. In 2018, U.S. dairy exports to Mexico were valued at $1.4 billion and to Canada at $731 million (Figure 1) out of total dairy exports of $5.9 billion. Mexico is the leading market for U.S. cheese and nonfat dry milk exports. Canada is the leading export market for butter and processed dairy products (e.g., infant formula, milk drinks, and ice cream). USMCA would preserve duty-free access for U.S. dairy products in Mexico. The agreement with Canada includes two key provisions: the elimination of the Canadian Class 7 milk price and increased market access for selected dairy products (both discussed below). Figure 1. Leading Ma