[20200212]IF11239_物联网（IoT）：概述.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated February 12, 2020The Internet of Things (IoT): An OverviewThe Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of interrelated devices connected to a network and/or to one another, exchanging data without necessarily requiring human-to-machine interaction. In other words, IoT is a collection of electronic devices that can share information among themselves. Examples include smart factories, smart home devices, medical monitoring devices, wearable fitness trackers, smart city infrastructures, and vehicular telematics. Potential issues for Congress include regulation, digital privacy, and data security as discussed below. IoT Characteristics IoT devices are often called “smart” devices because they have sensors and can conduct complex data analytics. IoT devices collect data using sensors and offer services to the user based on the analyses of that data and according to user-defined parameters. For example, a smart refrigerator uses sensors (e.g., cameras) to inventory stored items and can alert the user when items run low based on image recognition analyses. Sophisticated IoT devices can “learn” by recognizing patterns in user preferences and historical u