[20200430]IF11525_新冠病毒-19：国家安全和国防战略.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov April 30, 2020COVID-19: National Security and Defense StrategyThe outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has prompted questions about U.S. national security and crisis preparedness. Inherent to those discussions are broader, foundational questions about how the United States government conceptualizes national security, and the currently held view by many of the relative prioritization of the Department of Defense (DOD) over other instruments of national power. What Is “Security”? While definitional debates often seem frustratingly obscure, their outcomes often have a significant bearing on the programs, priorities, and activities of the United States Government. In other words, how a problem is framed matters because those definitions directly affect how the government operates, including how it translates those concepts into the priorities that require primary attention and resources. Scholars and practitioners have long debated what, exactly, constitutes a “security” challenge, and what the role of the state should be in their management. The tension between traditional “realist” security and “human” security perspectives provides one example of how the