[20200727]IF11605_野生动物贩运：国际执法回应.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov July 27, 2020Wildlife Trafficking: International Law Enforcement ResponsesCongress has sought to implement law enforcement approaches to wildlife trafficking by appropriating funds for and conducting oversight of relevant foreign aid programs and for U.S. and foreign law enforcement capabilities. U.S. policy tools to target wildlife traffickers include measures to increase dedicated law enforcement personnel, provide equipment and trainings to foreign countries, designate traffickers as ineligible for U.S. entry, freeze traffickers assets, and offer financial rewards for information leading to their arrest. Debates exist regarding the efficacy of law enforcement approaches, the appropriate number of law enforcement officials, and the extent to which individuals at different levels of trafficking operations are targeted by law enforcement. Background Wildlife trafficking (i.e., illegal transactions of wildlife), holds potentially significant implications for U.S. efforts to address conservation and the rule of law. Conservative estimates of the value of the trade in endangered species alone vary from $7 billion to over $20 billion annually. The additi