[20211109]IF11355_社会保障中的意外收入消除条款（WEP）：关于新比例公式的建议.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated November 9, 2021The Windfall Elimination Provision (WEP) in Social Security: Proposals for a New Proportional FormulaBackground Social Security is a work-based federal insurance program that provides monthly cash benefits to workers and their eligible family members in the event of a workers retirement, disability, or death. Although participation in Social Security is compulsory for most workers, about 6% of workers in paid employment or self-employment are not covered by Social Security (i.e., earnings are not taxable or creditable for program purposes). The regular Social Security benefit formula is progressive, replacing a greater share of career-average earnings for low-paid workers than for high-paid workers. Career-average earnings in Social Security are calculated as average indexed monthly earnings (AIME), which is the monthly average of the highest 35 years of covered earnings after indexing for wage growth. If a person has earnings not covered by Social Security, those noncovered earnings are shown as zeros in their Social Security earnings records. As a result, the regular formula cannot distinguish workers who have low career-ave