[20211115]IF11972_第36篇国会章程.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov November 15, 2021Title 36 Congressional ChartersIn the United States, the states have generally had the authority to create and oversee corporate entities within their boundaries. Beginning with the Bank of the United States statutory establishment in 1791, however, Congress periodically has passed legislation to incorporate both public and private organizations. Broadly speaking, the term “congressional charter” can be understood to include any statute that establishes a new organization or gives legal recognition to an existing organization. The congressional charters of more than 90 organizations can be found in Subtitle II of Title 36 of the United States Code; they are commonly referred to as “Title 36 charters.” In general, these charters include those of private, nonprofit corporations that appear to be of a patriotic character or national in scope, such as various veterans organizations and the Boys and Girls Clubs of America. Charters of some other nonprofit corporations with diverse purposes and differing relationships with federal government agencies are also included, such as the United States Olympic and Paralympic Committee and the Nati