[20220114]IF11016_美国贸易政策职能：谁做什么？.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov Updated January 14, 2022U.S. Trade Policy Functions: Who Does What?At the nexus of foreign and domestic policy, U.S. trade policy comprises a distinct set of issues that shape U.S. participation in the global economy and relations with trading partners. It also affects the overall U.S. economy and standard of living of Americans, as well as specific sectors, firms, and workers. Controversial at times, U.S. trade policy historically has focused on supporting economic growth and jobs through more open and rules-based trade by negotiating and enforcing reciprocal trade agreements and other measures, while offering relief to specific segments of the U.S. economy affected by trade liberalization and “unfair” foreign trade practices. U.S. trade policy also has aimed to promote trade and investment, while regulating these flows for national security, health, safety, and other reasons. Additional aims have included to support economic development in developing countries and expand U.S. influence abroad. With ongoing congressional and public debate about the benefits and costs of trade liberalization, and a rise in trade protectionism globally amid certain de