[20220421]IF12082_USMCA：机动车原产地规则.pdf

https:/crsreports.congress.gov April 21, 2022USMCA: Motor Vehicle Rules of OriginThe United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), approved by Congress on January 16, 2020 (P.L. 116-113), entered into force on July 1, 2020. It replaced the 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Congress has an oversight role in its implementation and U.S. North American trade relations. A major issue concerns the new rules of origin for the motor vehicle industry, which were relatively contentious in the USMCA negotiations and debate surrounding its passage. Rules of origin (ROO) are the criteria used to determine the national origin of a product. Most free trade agreements have ROO provisions to determine which goods traded between member countries are eligible for preferential treatment. They generally seek to ensure that the benefits of the agreement are granted to goods primarily produced by a member country (and therefore subject to the entirety of its commitments) rather than to goods made wholly, or in large part, in other countries. Under USMCA, most goods that contain materials from non-USMCA countries may be considered as North American (i.e., eligible for preferential treatm