[20030805]98-839GOV_给国会的信息、请愿书、通信和纪念.pdf

Congressional Research Service The Library of CongressCRS Report for CongressReceived through the CRS WebOrder Code 98-839 GOVUpdated August 5, 2003Messages, Petitions, Communications, andMemorials to CongressPaul S. RundquistSpecialist in American National GovernmentGovernment and Finance DivisionThe Constitution and the rules of the House and Senate identifyvarious means thatcitizens,subordinatelevelsofgovernment,andotherbranchesofthefederalgovernmentmayusetocommunicateformallywitheitherorbothhousesofCongress. TheHouseandSenate use written messages to communicate with the other. For more information onlegislative process, see http:/www.crs.gov/products/guides/guidehome.shtml.Messages. The Constitution authorizes the President to recommend to Congress“such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient.” Presidents communicateformallywith Congressbywritten message. Formanyyears,thePresidentsStateoftheUnionmessagewassenttoCongressinwritingonly;in1913,WoodrowWilsonresumedgiving this message both in person (not done since Thomas Jefferson) and in writing.Presidential messages are printed in full in both the Congressional Record and theJournal of each House, although accompanying